菩萨蛮·梨花满院飘香雪
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唐代]：毛熙震
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梨花满院飘香雪，高楼夜静风筝咽。斜月照帘帷，忆君和梦稀。
小窗灯影背，燕语惊愁态。屏掩断香飞，行云山外归。
菩萨蛮·梨花满院飘香雪译文及注释
译文
满院的梨花如飘香的白雪，高楼的静夜里，檐下的筝片在风中呜咽。弯月斜照帘帷，我思念的郎君，近来梦中也难相会。
小窗上映出幽暗的灯影，梁间的燕叫声，惊断了我的愁梦。屏风旁断断续续的香烟袅袅飞动，仿佛我刚刚梦到的行云，正从巫山飘回家中。
注释
香雪：喻梨花。
风筝：悬挂于檐间的金属片，也称“铁马”、“风铁”、“风琴”，俗呼“风马儿”。
和梦稀：连梦也稀少了。和，一作“知”。
断香：阵阵的香气。
行云：喻远行的情人。
菩萨蛮·梨花满院飘香雪鉴赏
周密《齐东野语》称毛熙震词“中多新警，而不为儇薄”。词家论词，具有见地。其新警处，不在字而，而在巧思。这首词，写闺中人静夜独居、忆念离人的情状，运笔纤回，含思缥缈。于篇终见意，曲尽掩抑难言的境况。询为五代词中高格。《菩萨蛮》词，前有温飞卿十四篇精湛之作，而毛氏此词，易秾华为淡稚，变密艳为幽丽，别出新意，不得让飞卿专美于前。
“梨花”二句，写高楼静夜的青景，渲染怀人的气氛。楼下的院子里梨花飘谢，楼上只听到风吹檐铁的阵阵声响。二句写景，实已托出素居寂寞的楼中人的形象，“梨花”句，写春光已逝，时不待人。“高楼”句，写夜静闻声，极无聊之状。可与李商隐《燕台诗》“云屏不动掩孤颦，西楼一夜风筝急”参看。“斜月照帘帷，忆君和梦稀。”上句写月光照在薄薄的帷幕上，亦古诗中常见的境界、不外从“明月照高楼”，“薄帷鉴明月”等语化出，以表现闺人的愁思。两句好就好在“和梦稀”的“稀”字，一字可抵宋徽宗《宴山亭》“怎不思量，除梦里、有时曾去。无据，和梦也新来不做”数句。恨君之深，思君之切，皆由此字透露消息。忆极而生恨，故作此怨怼之语。
下片写室中情状和闺人动态。“小窗”二句，运思甚奇。她背着小窗前的灯光，是为了不让照见脸上的啼痕，可是，却教栖息在帘帷上的燕子窥到了。它们呢喃相语，仿佛为闺人的愁态而吃惊。二语从侧面描写，一“惊”字尤为入妙。一结两句，“屏掩断香飞，行云山外归”，为全词中精绝之笔。她床前屏风低掩，只见到薰炉中升起的袅袅轻烟。疑是那缥缈的行云，冉冉从山外归来。山就是指屏风绘画的山峦，词中语意相关。亦暗示GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人的去处。由断香而想及屏山上的行云，由行云而想到漂流远方的游子。宋玉《高唐赋》谓楚怀王梦巫山神女。神女自言“旦为朝云，暮为行雨”，因以“行云”喻男女的欢合，“行云山外归”，疑行云之归，正是怨其不归，真是痴心人语。与作者《临江仙》词“暗思闲梦，何处逐云行”，意似相反而情味实同。
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