白莲
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唐代]：陆龟蒙
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素蘤多蒙别艳欺，此花真合在瑶池。
白莲译文及注释
译文
素雅之花常常要被艳花欺，白莲花总应生长在瑶池里。
月儿明风儿清花儿要凋谢，只有恨却无情谁人了解你？
注释
蘤（huā）：“花”的古体字。
此花：指白莲。端合：真应该。端，一作“真”。瑶池：传说中的仙境，相传为西王母所居，《穆天子传》有“觞西王母于瑶池之上”的话。
欲堕时：指白莲将要凋谢的时候。
白莲鉴赏
宋代哲学家周敦颐在《爱莲说》中称莲花为“花之君子”，说它“出污泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖”，说它“可远观而不可亵玩”，并且对其作了具体介绍：“中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植。”这些描写，形象而具体地写出了莲花的特点，作者对莲花的赞美之情主要寓于对莲花的描写之中。《白莲》这首诗却不同，这首诗虽然是以“白莲”为题，以莲花为吟咏对象，但诗人没有对白莲作具体描绘，而是抓住白莲颜色的特点，借题发挥，直述诗人自己的看法，抒发自己的感情。
诗的第一句：“素花多蒙别艳欺”便明显地指向人事。有不少人轻视乃至鄙弃素色的花卉，而专门喜欢那些妖艳的花朵。封建社会的上层社会也是这样，一些朴实无华，不善于表现自己的人往往妹忽视，被埋没，被欺凌，而一些华而不实的家伙则往往得到封建统治者的欣赏与重用。这句诗明显地指向了这一不合理的社会现象。诗的第二句就更明显了，瑶池是传说中的神仙世界，是无比高雅神圣的地方。诗人说白莲应该在这样的地方占据一个位置，这明显地是在说那些有才能的人应该在人类社会上得到自已应得到的地位。这里当然也不能排除诗人有自况的意思。可是，在封建社会，人才被埋没、被摧残并不是个别现象，而是社会普遍存在的问题。这使诗人感到愤怒，也使诗人感到悲哀，因此在此诗的最后两句，诗人塑造了在晓月清风之中即将凋谢的白莲这一形象，让人们注意，向人们提出了问题。这就又一次把矛头指向了封建社会，控诉封建统治者摧残与埋没人才。这首诗就是这样通过对白莲的吟咏，揭露了封建社会人才被埋没、被摧残的不合理现象，为被埋没、被摧残的人才鸣不平，为他们发出呼呼的。这首诗诗主要运用象征的手法，议论与描写结合得十分巧妙，语言也通俗易懂，概括力强。
《白莲》一诗从“素花多蒙别艳欺”一句生发新意；然而它并没有黏滞于色彩的描写，更没有着意于形状刻画，而是写出了花的精神。“无情有恨何人觉，月晓风清欲堕时”。白莲好像无情，但却有恨，在天欲晓而残月尚在，凉爽的晨风吹着，无人知觉的时候，这正是白莲的花瓣将要坠落的时候。这样的想象和描写是既适合作者心目中的白莲的性格的特点，而且又很有情致和余味的。因为有诗的感觉和想象的诗人写诗，并不是仅仅打一个比喻，借题发挥，发一点个人的牢骚，而是对他所歌咏的对象，总是感到了诗意，感到了有动人的地方，然后才可能写出可以打动人的真正的诗来。最后两句，诗人从不即不离的空际着笔，把花写得若隐若现，栩栩如生。
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石象之《
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咏愁》
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李白《
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咏山樽二首》
陆龟蒙简介
唐代·陆龟蒙的简介
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陆龟蒙（？～公元881年），唐代农学家、文学家，字鲁望，别号天随子、江湖散人、甫里先生，江苏吴县人。曾任湖州、苏州刺史幕僚，后隐居松江甫里，编著有《甫里先生文集》等。 他的小品文主要收在《笠泽丛书》中，现实针对性强，议论也颇精切，如《野庙碑》、《记稻鼠》等。陆龟蒙与皮日休交友，世称“皮陆”，诗以写景咏物为多。
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