长干行·君家何处住
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唐代]:崔颢
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长干行·君家何处住译文及注释
译文
请问大哥你的家在何方。我家是住在建康的横塘。
停下船吧暂且借问一声,听口音恐怕咱们是同乡。
注释
长干行:乐府曲名。 是长干里一带的民歌,长干里在今江苏省南京市南面。
君:古代对男子的尊称。
妾:古代女子自称的谦词。
横塘:现江苏省南京市江宁区。
暂:暂且、姑且。
借问:请问一下。
或恐:也许。
长干行·君家何处住鉴赏
这首抒情诗抓住了人生片断中富有戏剧性的一刹那,用白描的手法,寥寥几笔,就使人物、场景跃然纸上,栩栩如生。它不以任何色彩映衬,似墨笔画;它不用任何妆饰烘托,是幅素描;它不凭任何布景借力,犹如一曲男女声对唱;它截头去尾,突出主干,又很象独幕剧。题材平凡,而表现手法不凡。
一个住在横塘的姑娘,在泛舟时听到邻船一个男子的话音,于是天真无邪地问一下:你是不是和我同乡?就是这样一点儿简单的情节,只用“妾住在横塘”五字,就借女主角之口点明了说话者的性别与居处。又用“停舟”二字,表明是水上的偶然遇合,用一个“君”字指出对方是男性。那些题前的叙事,用这种一石两卵的手法,就全部省略了。诗一开头就单刀直入,让女主角出口问人,现身纸上,而读者也闻其声如见其人,绝没有茫无头绪之感。从文学描写的技巧看,“声态并作”,达到了“应有尽有,应无尽无”,既凝炼集中而又玲珑剔透的艺术高度。
在寥寥二十字中,诗人仅用口吻传神,就把女主角的音容笑貌,写得活灵活现。他不象杜牧那样写明“娉娉袅袅十三余”,也不象李商隐那样点出“十五泣春风,背面秋千下”。他只采用了问话之后,不待对方答复,就急于自报“妾住在横塘”这样的处理,自然地把女主角的年龄从娇憨天真的语气中反衬出来了。在男主角并未开口,而这位小姑娘之所以有“或恐是同乡”的想法,不正是因为听到了对方带有乡音的片言只语吗?这里诗人又省略了“因闻声而相问”的关节,这是文字之外的描写,所谓“不写之写”。
这首诗还表现了女主角境遇与内心的孤寂。单从她闻乡音而急于“停舟”相问,就可见她离乡背井,水宿风行,孤零无伴,没有一个可与共语之人。因此,他乡听得故乡音,且将他乡当故乡,就这样的喜出望外。诗人不仅在纸上重现了女主角外露的声音笑貌,而且深深开掘了她的个性和内心。
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夏日南亭怀辛大》
崔颢简介
唐代·崔颢的简介
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崔颢 唐开元年间进士,官至太仆寺丞,天宝中为司勋员外郎。最为人们津津乐道的是他那首《黄鹤楼》,据说李白为之搁笔,曾有“眼前有景道不得,崔颢题诗在上头”的赞叹。《全唐诗》存其诗四十二首。
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