木兰花·城上风光莺语乱
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宋代]：钱惟演
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城上风光莺语乱，城下烟波春拍岸。绿杨芳草几时休，泪眼愁肠先已断。
情怀渐觉成衰晚，鸾镜朱颜惊暗换。昔年多病厌芳尊，今日芳尊惟恐浅。
木兰花·城上风光莺语乱译文及注释
译文
城上春光明媚莺啼燕啭，城下碧波荡漾拍打堤岸。绿杨芳草几时才会衰败？我泪眼迷蒙愁肠寸断。
人到晚年渐觉美好情怀在衰消，面对鸾镜惊看红颜已暗换。想当年曾因多病害怕举杯，而如今却唯恐酒杯不满。
注释
莺语：黄莺婉转鸣叫好似低语。
拍岸：拍打堤岸。
鸾镜：镜子。古有“鸾睹镜中影则悲”的说法，以后常把照人的镜子称为“鸾镜”。朱颜：这里指年轻的时候。
芳尊：盛满美酒的酒杯，也指美酒。
木兰花·城上风光莺语乱创作背景
此词是作者晚年谪迁汉东（指随州，今湖北随州）时所作。公元1033年（宋仁宗明道二年）三月，垂帘听政的刘太后崩，仁宗开始亲政，即着力在朝廷廓清刘氏党羽。与刘氏结为姻亲的钱惟演自然在劫难逃。这首词正是作于此时，离钱惟演去世不到一年。
参考资料：
1、陈允吉 胡中行 ．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋） ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1988年4月版 ：第294-295页 ．
2、陆林编注 ．宋词 ．北京 ：北京师范大学出版社 ，1992年11月版 ：第6-7页 ．
木兰花·城上风光莺语乱鉴赏
此词写得“词极凄婉”，处处流露出一种垂暮之感。
词在上片前两句写景，意思只是说，城头上莺语唧唧，风光无限；城脚下烟波浩淼，春水拍岸，是一派春景。作者在这里是借景抒情，而不是因景生情，因此用粗线条勾勒春景，对于后面的遣怀抒情反而有好处，因为它避免了可能造成的喧宾夺主在毛病。另外，作者对景物描写这样处理，仍有一番匠心在。首先，这两句是从城上和城下两处着墨描绘春景，这就给人以动的感觉。其次，又斟酌字句，使两句中的听觉与视觉形成对比，看的是风光、烟波之类，显得抽象朦胧；听的是莺语、涛声，显得具体真切。这样的描写，正能体现出作者此时此刻的心情：并非着意赏春，而是一片春声在侵扰着他，使他无计避春，从而更触发了满怀愁绪。况周颐在《惠风词话》中有一段颇有见地的话：“词过经意，其蔽也斧琢；过不经意，其蔽也褦襶。不经意而经意，易；经意而不经意，难。”钱惟演的这两句正是进入了“经意而不经意”的境界。
下面两句开始抒情，绿杨芳草年年生发，而我则已是眼泪流尽，愁肠先断，愁惨之气溢于言表。用芳草来比喻忧愁的词作很多，如“芳草年年与恨长”（冯延巳《南乡子》），“离恨恰如春草，更行更远还生”（李煜《清平乐》），这些句子都比钱惟演的来得深婉，但同时又都没有他来得凄婉。从表现手法上讲，用绿杨芳草来渲染泪眼愁肠，也就达到了情景相生的效果。这两句是由上面两句对春色的描写直接引发的，由景入情，并且突作“变徵之声”，把词推向高潮，中间的过渡是很自然的。
下面的前两句仍是抒情，这比上片更为细腻，“情怀渐觉成衰晚”，并不是虚写，而是有着充实的内容。钱惟演宦海沉浮几十年，能够“官兼将相，阶、勋、品皆第一”（见欧阳修《归田录》），靠的就是刘太后，因此，刘太后的死，对钱惟演确实是致命的一击。一贬汉东，永无出头之日，这对于一生“雅意柄用”的钱惟演来说，是一种无法忍受的痛苦，当时的情怀可想而知。“鸾镜朱颜惊暗换”，亦徐干《室思》诗“郁结令人老”之意，承上句而来。人不能自见其面，说是镜里面而始惊，亦颇入情。这两句从精神与形体两方面来感叹老之已至，充满了无可奈何的伤感之情。
最后两句是全词的精粹，收得极有分量，使整首词境界全出。用酒浇愁是一个用滥了的主题，但这是运用得却颇出新意，原因正在于作者捕捉到对“芳尊”态度的前后变化，形成强烈对照，写得直率。以全篇结构来看，这也是最精彩的一笔，使得整首词由景入情，由粗及细，层层推进，最后“点睛”，形成所谓“警策句”，使整首词表达了一个完整的意境。有人曾经把这两句同宋祁的“为君持酒劝斜阳，且向花间留晚照”，加以比较，认为宋祁的两句更为委婉（见杨慎《诗品》）。这固然有些道理，但同时也要看到，这两首词所表达的意境是不相同的。宋祁是着意在赏春，尽管也流露出一点“人生易老”的感伤情绪。但整首词的基调还是明快的。而钱惟演则是在因春伤情，整首词所抒发的是一个政治失意者的绝望心情。从这点说，两者各得其妙。其实，词写得委婉也好，直露也好，关键在于一个“真”字。“真字是词骨。情真，景真，所作必佳。”（《蕙风词话》卷一）这是极有见地的议论。
这首遣怀之作，在遣词造句上却未脱尽粉气，芳草、泪眼、鸾镜、朱颜等等，颇有几分像“妇人之语”实际上它只是抒写作者的政治失意的感伤而已，反映出宋初纤丽词风一般特征。
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李清照《
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花心动·春词》
钱惟演简介
唐代·钱惟演的简介
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钱惟演（977—1034）北宋大臣，西昆体骨干诗人。字希圣，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。吴越忠懿王钱俶第十四子。从俶归宋，历右神武将军、太仆少卿、命直秘阁，预修《册府元龟》，累迁工部尚书，拜枢密使，官终崇信军节度使，博学能文，所著今存《家王故事》、《金坡遗事》。
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元代：
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李孙宸
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到来幽意惬，久坐野情长。有榭皆临水，无轩不极凉。
菊荣抽早蕊，兰晚茁馀芳。便作吾庐得，高眠到上皇。
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初七日丁丑长至前喜晴
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元代：
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方回
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楼南红气满霜天，新霁湖山晓色妍。
七日喜逢长至日，百年惭到古稀年。
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郧襄之役与伯玉侍郎别恰三载矣闻出谼中至钱唐走信奉迎因成感旧之作
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明代：
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王世贞
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祖道春明三载强，宛如苏李赋河梁。君应食酒谈廷尉，我但登临忆侍郎。
一棹不妨衣带水，九秋谁拂蒯缑霜。祗园处处堪题石，莫遣青山负举觞。