前出塞九首·其六
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唐代]：杜甫
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挽弓当挽强，用箭当用长。射人先射马，擒贼先擒王。
杀人亦有限，列国自有疆。苟能制侵陵，岂在多杀伤。
前出塞九首·其六译文及注释
译文
拉弓要拉最坚硬的，射箭要射最长的。射人先要射马，擒贼先要擒住他们的首领。
杀人要有限制，各个国家都有边界。只要能够制止敌人的侵犯就可以了，难道打仗就是为了多杀人吗？
注释
挽：拉。
当：应当。
长：指长箭。
擒：捉拿。
前四句极像谣谚，可能是当时军中流行的作战歌诀。马目标大易射，马倒则人非死即伤，故先射马，蛇无头而不行，王擒则贼自溃散，故先擒王。擒王句乃主意所在，下四句便是引伸这一句的。
亦有限：是说也有个限度，有个主从。正承上句意。沈德潜《杜诗偶评》：“诸本杀人亦有限，惟文待诏（文徵明）作杀人亦无限，以开合语出之，较有味。”不确。
列国：各国。
疆：边界。
自有疆，是说总归有个疆界，饶你再开边。和前出塞诗第一首中的“开边一何多”照应。
苟能：如果能。
侵陵：侵犯。
岂：难道。
最后两句是说如果能抵制外来侵略的话，那末只要擒其渠魁就行了，又哪在多杀人呢？张远《杜诗会粹》：“大经济语，借戍卒口中说出。”在这里我们相当明显的看到杜甫的政治观点。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非．杜甫诗选注．北京：人民文学出版社，1998：30-36
前出塞九首·其六创作背景
天宝十一载（752年），四十岁的杜甫写的《前出塞》是一系列军事题材的诗歌。这个时期还是唐朝的生长期，伴随着生长期的，是唐朝在军事上的扩张期，朝廷上上下下的预估大多是乐观的，杜甫却对唐玄宗的军事路线不太认同。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：249-251
2、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：249-251
前出塞九首·其六鉴赏
作者是唐代诗人杜甫，诗人先写《出塞》九首，后又写《出塞》五首；加“前”、“后”以示区别。《前出塞》是写天宝末年哥舒翰征伐吐蕃的时事，意在讽刺唐玄宗的开边黩武，本篇原列第六首，是其中较有名的一篇。诗的前四句，很象是当时军中流行的作战歌诀，颇富韵致，饶有理趣，深得议论要领。所以黄生说它“似谣似谚，最是乐府妙境”。两个“当”，两个“先”，妙语连珠，开人胸臆，提出了作战步骤的关键所在，强调部伍要强悍，士气要高昂，对敌有方略，智勇须并用。四句以排句出之，如数家珍，宛若总结战斗经验。然而从整篇看，它还不是作品的主旨所在，而只是下文的衬笔。后四句才道出赴边作战应有的终极目的。“杀人亦有限，列国自有疆。苟能制侵陵，岂在多杀伤？”诗人慷慨陈词，直抒胸臆，发出振聋发聩的呼声。他认为，拥强兵只为守边，赴边不为杀伐。不论是为制敌而“射马”，不论是不得已而“杀伤”，不论是拥强兵而“擒王”，都应以“制侵陵”为限度，不能乱动干戈，更不应以黩武为能事，侵犯异邦。这种以战去战，以强兵制止侵略的思想，是恢宏正论，安边良策；它反映了国家的利益，人民的愿望。所以，张会在《杜诗府粹》里说，这几句“大经济语，借戍卒口说出”。从艺术构思说，作者采用了先扬后抑的手法：前四句以通俗而富哲理的谣谚体开势，讲如何练兵用武，怎样克敌制胜；后四句却写如何节制武功，力避杀伐，逼出“止戈为武”本旨。先行辅笔，后行主笔；辅笔与主笔之间，看似掠转，实是顺接，看似矛盾，实为辩证。因为如无可靠的武备，就不能制止外来侵略；但自恃强大武装而穷兵黩武，也是不可取的。所以诗人主张既拥强兵，又以“制侵陵”为限，才符合最广大人民的利益。浦起龙在《读杜心解》中很有体会地说：“上四（句）如此飞腾，下四（句）忽然掠转，兔起鹘落，如是！如是！”这里说的“飞腾”和“掠转”，就是指作品中的奔腾气势和波澜；这里说的“兔起鹘落”就是指在奔腾的气势中自然地逼出“拥强兵而反黩武”的深邃题旨。在唐人的篇什中，以议论取胜的作品较少，而本诗却以此见称；它以立意高、正气宏、富哲理、有气势而博得好评。
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苏轼《
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刘向 编《
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六亲五法》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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明代：
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罗洪先
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金台初献策，彤管受咨询。宝剑虚知已，青刍愧古人。
十年操别鹤，千载著伤麟。日暮寒江上，孤云对白蘋。