《百丈山记》翻译及注释
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宋代：朱熹
登百丈山三里许，右俯绝壑，左控垂崖，垒石为磴，十余级乃得度。山之胜，盖自此始。
译文： 登上百丈山三里来路，向右边俯视，是又深又险的山沟，路的左边靠着陡峭的山崖，路面是垒起来的石磴，上了十几个台阶才过去了这段险区。百丈山的胜景，从此开始了。
注释： 许：表示约数。绝壑：又深又险的山沟。控：临。垂崖：陡峭的山崖。度：渡过，过去。
循磴而东，即得小涧。石梁跨于其上。皆苍藤古木，虽盛夏亭午无暑气。水皆清澈，自高淙下，其声溅溅然。度石梁，循两崖曲折而上，得山门。小屋三间，不能容十许人，然前瞰涧水，后临石池，风来两峡间，终日不绝。门内跨池又为石梁。度而北，蹑石梯，数级入庵。庵才老屋数间，卑庳迫隘，无足观。独其西阁为胜。水自西谷中循石罅奔射出阁下，南与东谷水并注池中。自池而出，乃为前所谓小涧者。阁据其上流，当水石峻激相搏处，最为可玩。乃壁其后，无所睹。独夜卧其上，则枕席之下，终夕潺潺。久而益悲，为可爱耳。
译文： 顺着石磴往东走，遇到一条小涧。一座石桥横跨在它上面。两旁都是苍青色的藤条和古老的树木，即使是盛夏的正午，也没有一点热气。涧水全是清澈见底，从高处流下来，发出“溅溅”的声响。走过石桥，沿着两旁都是山崖的小路曲曲折折地登上去，遇到了一座寺院的大门。有三间小房子，连十来个人也容纳不下来，但是前面可以俯视涧水。大门的后面临着石池，风从两旁的山峡间吹来，整天不断。大门里边，又有一座石桥横跨在石池上。过了石桥往北走，踩着石梯，上几级就到了尼姑庵。尼姑庵仅有几间旧房子，房子又矮又窄，没有什么值得观看的地方。只有西阁美好。溪水从西面山谷中顺着裂缝从西阁下面象箭射一般飞奔流出，向南与东面山谷中的水一块注入石池中。水从石池中再流出来，就形成了前面所说的那条小涧。西阁座落在它的上游，在激流和峻石相搏击的地方，最值得欣赏。后面是一座石壁，没有什么可看的。一个人晚上躺在西阁里面，枕头和卧席下面整夜都能听到潺潺的流水声。越听得时间长越感到悲哀，但也很有意思。
注释： 循：顺。得：遇见。梁：桥。亭午：正午。淙：流注，灌注。溅溅：水流声。山门：佛教寺院的大门。瞰：俯视。蹑：踏，踩。庵：尼姑的寺庙。才：仅仅。卑庳：低矮。迫隘：狭窄。胜：美好。罅：裂缝。据：通“倨”，踞坐，蹲坐，这里作“座落”解。水石峻激：为合叙句，拆分开来为“水激，石峻”。玩：欣赏，品味。潺潺：象声词，溪水流动的声音。
出山门而东十许步，得石台。下临峭岸，深昧险绝。于林薄间东南望，见瀑布自前岩穴瀵涌而出，投空下数十尺。其沫乃如散珠喷雾，目光烛之，璀璨夺目，不可正视。台当山西南缺，前揖芦山，一峰独秀出，而数百里间峰峦高下亦皆历历在眼。日薄西山，余光横照，紫翠重迭，不可殚数。旦起下视，白云满川，如海波起伏。而远近诸山出其中者，皆若飞浮来往。或涌或没，顷刻万变。台东径断，乡人凿石容磴以度，而作神祠于其东，水旱祷焉。畏险者或不敢度。然山之可观者，至是则亦穷矣。
译文： 从寺院的大门出来往东走十来步，遇到一座石台。石台下临陡峭的崖岸，幽深昏暗极其险峻。从草木丛生的地方向东南望去，见一瀑布从前面的岩穴中喷涌而出，又从几十尺的高空中投下来。溅起的水沫象散落的珍珠，又象喷射的雾气，被阳光一照，光彩耀眼，不能正眼去看。石台在山西南的缺口处，它的前面对着芦山，有一座特别秀丽的山峰出现在眼前，而远近几百里高低不同的峰峦也都一个个清清楚楚地呈现在眼前。太阳迫近西山了，余光横射过来，紫色和翠绿色重重叠叠，数也数不完。早晨起来往山下望去，白云铺满平野，就象一起一伏的大海波涛一样。而远远近近从云中露出来的山峰，都象来来往往飘飞浮动一样，有的涌出，有的沉没，转眼之间千变万化。石台往东的小路断绝了，当地的人凿出些仅能容下脚的石磴来通过，并在东面建了一座神祠，遇到水涝或旱灾就到那里去祈祷。害怕危险的人有的就不敢过去。而山上可观赏的景致，到这里也就没有了。
注释： 昧：昏暗。瀵涌：喷涌。烛：照。璀璨：形容珠玉等光彩鲜明。夺目：光彩耀眼。揖：如人作揖，这里是“对”的意思。历历：一个个清清楚楚的。薄：迫近。殚：尽。川：平野，平地。飞浮：飘飞浮动。径：小路。祷：祈祷。穷：尽。
余与刘充父、平父、吕叔敬、表弟徐周宾游之。既皆赋诗以纪其胜，余又叙次其详如此。而其最可观者，石磴、小涧、山门、石台、西阁、瀑布也。因各别为小诗以识其处，呈同游诸君。又以告夫欲往而未能者。
译文： 我同刘充父、刘平父、吕叔敬、表弟徐周宾到这里来游览。已经把山上的胜景都写诗记述过了，我又按照次序这样详细记述下来。山上最值得观赏的地方是石磴、小涧、寺院大门、石台、西阁和瀑布。因此分别作了短诗来描述这些地方，并呈送给了一同来游览的人。现在又写了这篇游记，用它来告诉那些想去游览而未能去的人。
注释： 纪：通“记”。叙次：按照次序记叙。各别为小诗：各个另外作了几首短诗。按：所作小诗是六首五绝，见《朱文公文集》卷六《百丈山台咏》。夫：远指代词，那些。
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李白《
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自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山最高峰》
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李峤《
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人日侍宴大明宫恩赐彩缕人胜应制》
朱熹简介
唐代·朱熹的简介
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朱熹（1130年9月15日～1200年4月23日），行五十二，小名沋郎，小字季延，字元晦，一字仲晦，号晦庵，晚称晦翁，又称紫阳先生、考亭先生、沧州病叟、云谷老人、沧洲病叟、逆翁。谥文，又称朱文公。汉族，祖籍南宋江南东路徽州府婺源县（今江西省婺源），出生于南剑州尤溪（今属福建三明市）。南宋著名的理学家、思想家、哲学家、教育家、诗人、闽学派的代表人物，世称朱子，是孔子、孟子以来最杰出的弘扬儒学的大师。