《夏夜叹》翻译及注释
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唐代：杜甫
永日不可暮，炎蒸毒我肠。
译文：漫长的白昼难以日暮，暑热熏蒸得我心如汤煮。
注释：永日：夏日昼长，故称。不可暮：言似乎盼不到日落。毒我肠：热得我心中焦燥不安。我，一作“中”。
安得万里风，飘飖吹我裳。
译文：如何才能唤来万里长风，飘飘然吹起我的衣裳？
昊天出华月，茂林延疏光。
译文：天空升起皎洁的月亮，茂林上承映着稀疏的月光。
注释：昊天：夏天。华月:明月。延：招来。
仲夏苦夜短，开轩纳微凉。
译文：仲夏之夜苦于太短，打开窗子享受一下微凉。
注释：仲夏：夏季的第二个月，即阴历五月。轩：窗。
虚明见纤毫，羽虫亦飞扬。
译文：夜色空明能见到细微之物，昆虫也在振翅飞翔。
注释：虚明：月光。羽虫：夜飞的萤火虫。
物情无巨细，自适固其常。
译文：生命之体无论大小，当然都以自得其乐为常情。
注释：巨细：大小。自适：自得其乐。
念彼荷戈士，穷年守边疆。
译文：于是我想到那些执戈的士兵，一年到头守卫边疆。
注释：荷戈士：戍卒。穷年：一年到头。
何由一洗濯，执热互相望。
译文：怎样才能使他们能够洗洗澡呢？他们苦于炎热却无可奈何地互相观望！
注释：洗濯：洗涤，沐浴。执热：苦热。
竟夕击刁斗，喧声连万方。
译文：整夜在敲击刁斗忙于警戒，喧呼声响遍四面八方。
注释：竟夕：整夜。刁斗:古代军中用具，铜制，三足有柄。白天用来做饭，夜晚敲击示警。
青紫虽被体，不如早还乡。
译文：青紫官服虽然加在他们身上，也不如早日回到故乡。
注释：青紫：贵官之服。
北城悲笳发，鹳鹤号且翔。
译文：华州城北吹响了悲凉的胡笳，鹳鹤哀号着四处飞翔。
注释：北城：指华州。鹳鹤：水鸟名，即鹳，长嘴，能捕鱼。
况复烦促倦，激烈思时康。
译文：唉，这乱世已令人忧伤，再加上天热烦躁身体疲惫，我不禁热切地将太平时世盼想。
注释：复：一作“怀”。时康：天下安康太平。
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苏轼《
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水调歌头·明月几时有》
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刘禹锡《
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西塞山怀古》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。